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Glaucoma is a result of a group of related eye disorders that cause damage to the optic nerve, which contributes to your vision. It is also one of the leading causes of blindness in most countries. Once the conditions of Glaucoma set it, they cannot be reversed. However, they can be managed with the right glaucoma treatment to prevent the condition from progressing.

What are the types of Glaucoma?

The types of Glaucoma are based on the drainage angle within the eye that controls the outcome of the outflow of the watery fluid within the eye. This further divides into further variations. They include:

• Primary Open-angle Glaucoma: In this form of cataract, the peripheral vision gets affected due to the raised intraocular pressure, without any other symptoms. Once the symptoms occur, permanent damage has already occurred.
• Acute Angle-closure Glaucoma: Also known as narrow-angle glaucoma, this is brought on by sudden attacks such as pain, headaches, vision loss, red eyes and halos around lights. It can also lead to dilated pupils, nausea, and vomiting. Each attack will progressively affect your vision, causing vision loss.
• Normal Tension Glaucoma: This type of open-angle glaucoma leads to visual field loss, due to optic nerve damage. However, in this type, the intraocular pressure remains within the normal range.
• Pigmentary Glaucoma: This rare form of glaucoma occurs due to the clogging of the drainage angle due to pigments that have broken loose from the iris. Over time, an inflammation brought on by the blocked angle will affect the drainage system bringing on glaucoma.
• Secondary Glaucoma:  Secondary Glaucoma often occurs as a side effect of an eye infection, inflammation, tumour or enlargement of the lens due to a cataract.
• Congenital Glaucoma: This is an inherited form of glaucoma which is present at birth. In this case, children are born with narrow angles or other defects that affect the drainage system of the eye.

Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of Glaucoma differ by the type and stage of your condition. The most common symptoms include:

• Patchy blind spots in peripheral or central vision in both eyes
• Tunnel vision advanced stage
• Severe headache
• Eye pain
• Nausea and vomiting
• Halo around lights

How is Glaucoma treated?

Once the condition has set in, no glaucoma treatment can reverse the damage. However, steps can be taken to prevent the disorder from progressing and leading to blindness. This form of glaucoma treatment includes prescription eye drops, laser surgery or even microsurgery.

As a part of Apollo Clinic’s multispecialty network, we ensure that you have complete access to comprehensive ophthalmologic care and diagnostic services, all in a single location. Our patients can enjoy the benefit of consultation services overseen by our best ophthalmologists, ensuring that you get the best of evaluation and management services.